The system mainly consists of three parts: surface driving equipment (pumping unit), downhole pumping device (sucker rod and sucker rod pump), and surface pipe network. During operation, the motor drives the pumping unit to reciprocate through the reduction mechanism, and drives the plunger of the downhole sucker rod pump to move up and down via the sucker rod. Crude oil is sucked in during the upstroke, and pushed into the tubing during the downstroke. The downhole crude oil is continuously lifted to the surface through reciprocating circulation.
Simple and reliable structure with classic mechanical transmission, low failure rate, convenient maintenance, and stable operation in harsh field environments. Strong adaptability: covering deep wells, shallow wells and different production requirements by adjusting stroke and pumping speed. Excellent economy: moderate investment, service life up to more than 15 years.

This system is one of the most adaptable lifting methods for oil reservoirs. It can realize efficient production by adjusting pumping speed, stroke and balance, whether for low-permeability reservoirs with low production and insufficient fluid supply, or for medium and late-stage high water-cut oilfields.

As the most widely used lifting technology in the petroleum industry, the pumping unit system has a complete industrial chain and high standardization. The initial investment is relatively low, spare parts are highly universal. Energy saving and consumption reduction can be realized by installing variable frequency control cabinets (variable frequency speed regulation technology), and operating parameters can be dynamically adjusted according to well conditions.

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